Hamming Coded Watermarking for Image Authentication and Evaluation by Image Transmission using Digital Modulation Schemes
Abstract
Proposed watermarking scheme for image authentication and tampered detection. Here, image encoded with a message is generated, after embedding watermark symbol within a colour cover image. The message information is converted to hexadecimal values from its ASCII representation. To encode this and embed the watermark, (7, 4) Hamming code is used. These bits will be divided into 7-bit blocks which will spread across the width of the image. The proposed scheme decodes the encoded message successfully from watermarked image. The authentication has been tested using transmission of watermarked image over AWGN channel using BPSK, DPSK and ASK modulation schemes with convolutional encoders. Experimental results show that the watermark extraction achieves 100% accuracy over 9 dB SNR value for the said modulation schemes.
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