Economic Load Dispatch: A Review

Abstract

In this paper, the problems related to economic load dispatch (ELD) have been discussed. The ELD problem can be conceived as an optimization problem of minimizing the total fuel cost of all generating units while satisfying the demand and losses. The ELD problems have non-smooth objective function with equality and inequality constraints. The economic dispatch problem means the real and reactive power of the generator varies within the certain limits and fulfills the load demand with less fuel cost. The size of the electrical power system is increasing rapidly to meet the energy requirement; so, a number of power plants are connected in parallel to supply the system load by an interconnection of the power system. In grid system, it is necessary to operate the plant units more economically. The economic dispatch problem is very complex to solve because of a nonlinear objective function and a large number of constraints.
Keywords: constraints, economic load dispatch, energy requirement, fuel, optimization, power system, reactive power, spare capacity, transmission